From Wikipedia: The 2012 phenomenon comprises a range of eschatological beliefs that cataclysmic or transformative events will occur on December 21, 2012.[1][2][3][4] This date is regarded as the end-date of a 5,125-year-long cycle in the Mesoamerican Long Count calendar. Various astronomical alignments and numerological formulae related to this date have been proposed.
The Mayan calendar is based on cycles. What happens in 2012 is the ending of a major cycle. For the Maya 2012 is the ending of what is known as the Great Cycle. The Great Cycle is a 5,125 year cycle that began at the date 13.0.0.0.0 on the Mayan calendar. December 2012 marks the conclusion of the 13th b'ak'tun—a time period in the Mesoamerican Long Count calendar which was used in Central America prior to the arrival of Europeans.
The number 13 is thought to have been important to the Mayans and therefore additional emphasis has been translated into the end of this Mayan cycle and the modern day prophecy of doomsday was created.
The prophecy began after translation of Mayan glyphs in Mexico. A stone tablet from the Tortuguero site in the Gulf coast state of Tabasco, is translated as foretelling the end of the world, from an "event" involving Bolon Yokte, the Mayan God of war and creation. It must be noted that the tablet is badly eroded.
But the National Institute of Anthropology and History said in a statement that there is in fact another apparent reference to the date at the nearby Comalcalco ruin. The inscription is on the carved or molded face of a brick. Comalcalco is unusual among Mayan temples in that it was constructed of bricks.
The "Comalcalco Brick," as the second fragment is known, has been discussed by experts in some online forums. Many still doubt that it is a definite reference to Dec. 21, 2012 or Dec. 23, 2012, the dates cited by proponents of the theory as the possible end of the world.
The date inscribed on the brick "is a Calendar Round, a combination of a day and month position that will repeat every 52 years.
The brick date does coincide with the end of the 13th Baktun; Baktuns were roughly 394-year periods and 13 was a significant, sacred number for the Mayas. The Mayan Long Count calendar begins in 3114 B.C., and the 13th Baktun ends around Dec. 21, 2012.
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